TOILET FLAPPERS: The Weak Link of Water Conservation, Koeller 2004

Previously with the California Urban Water Conservation Council, John Koeller, PE is now with Koeller & Company based in Yorba Linda, CA which is a certification lab for plumbing hardware.  He has given us permission to post his 2004 white paper on the numerous problems with flapper valves in toilets and why they waste water.
Koeller Flappers Weak Link